Aniline
Denomination applying to the leather having preserved its original flower whose coloring is obtained by a teinrure in full bath and not covered by another layer of finish
Basane
Sheepskin, lamb or goat in vegetable tanage.
Cattle
Veal, cow, bull and beef.
Box calf
calfskin tanned with chrome. Its appearance is smooth. It is used in leather goods and high-end shoes.
Goat
the goat, both domestic and wild.
Crust leather
the leather crust comes from the slitting of leathers into two "leafs", one containing the flower called "leather" and the other consisting of the flesh of leather called "crust". The "velvet" crust is of fibrous external appearance. the crust "pigmentee" or "coated" is covered by a thick coating that gives him the approval of a smooth leather. in furniture as in leather goods, the use of the crust must be mentioned because it is not entitled to the name "leather".
Leather
product transformed from an animal skin by means of a tanning or an impregnation preserving the natural structure of the fibers of the skin and having preserved all or part of its flower.
Coated leather
a name for leather or leather crust coated with a coating or film whose thickness of the induction or backing layer does not exceed one third of the total thickness of the product, but is greater than 0.15mm.
Exotic leather
Ostrich, crocodile, reptiles, and fish.
Grained leather
leather whose grain surface is apparent.
Oily leather
tanned skin whose appearance is irregular and marbled dark. its quantity of oil exceeds the average of 15%. It is therefore a heavily fed leather (usually fuller) and because of its heaviness mainly used for the shoe and sometimes the garment.
Sawed flower leather
leather whose thickness has been reduced while keeping the flower side.
Full grain leather
leather keep its original thickness, the most resistant.
Repousse leather
leather decorated with patterns. a hammer is usually used.
Patent leather
finished leather consisting of applying a thick layer of varnish to obtain a characteristic glossy appearance.
Suede
term for a leather of velvety appearance. today it is replaced by velvet leather.
Double sided
sheep or lamb leather whose wool has not been removed. Also called leather returned. sheepskin with short wool, tanned and primed with her wool.
Grainy finish
finishing on leather, leather crust or leather slit, made by reproduction, by printing or by any other means, in particular for the purpose of imitating the grain of the skin of an animal or of an animal species, or the texture of another material.
Fuller
barrel rotating on its axis, filled with water and tanning agents, used for tanning skins. usually a simple wooden barrel, the fuller tends to become today a complex machine controlled by computer, allowing to control the quantities of water used, the temperature, the speed of rotation as well as the diffusion of the tanning agents.
Morocco
Tanned thick goat skin, whose apparent, broad and irregular grain is characteristic. it was originally made in Morocco. binders use it a lot because it is very resistant, pleasant to the touch, and lends itself very well to decorative work (gilding or inlays).
"Megissier"
the "megissier" prepares the small skins (agenals, sheep, goats). It takes its name from the megis, bath with water, ash and alum in which the skin was soaked. today he uses the same techniques as the tanner: tanning with minerals, vegetable or combined.
Nubuck
velvety leather because of its sanding. particularly sensitive to light, it requires a specific interview. strong cattle leather, sanded on a flower to give it a velvety surface, white or color.
Ovine
lamb and mutton.
Parchment
very old material, long used for writing. made from goat and sheep skins, it is used in the manufacture of decorative objects, in the restoration of antique furniture and books.
Raw skin
rough skin is skin that has been treated only for preservation before processing.
Skin of sorrow
goat or sheep leather, used in the nineteenth century to cover and bind books.
Shammy
formerly made with genuine chamois leather treated with fish oil, it is now produced by treating sheep skin or domestic goats, under the name of "chamois leather", the associated technique is called "chamoisage" ".
Pigmented
denomination applying to leather or cooked crust whose colored finish is obtained by the use of pigments.
Full aniline flower
considered the most beautiful leather because it retains its original flower by letting appear grain. Its maintenance is delicate because the surface is little protected.
Full pigmented flower
leather having preserved its original flower. pigmented protection, however, protects it from damage. the appearance and feel are less natural than in the case of aniline full-grain leather. but it is easier to maintain.
Semi-aniline
aniline-dyed leather with the incorporation of a quantity of pigment sufficiently weak not to alter the natural characteristics of the skin.
Tanning
transformation of the leather skin either by chromium salt or by vegetable tannins to make it rot-proof.
Mineral tanning
the leather is tanned with tannin based on chromium sulphate (chromium III), which makes it supple and elastic.
Vegetable tanning
tanned leather with bark, fruits, roots, leaves. often very firm, it has no elasticity and is sensitive to light. it is used in saddlery, for shoe soles and industrial belts.
calfskin
leather obtained by tanning adult cowhides (bull, beef, cow).
Velvet
leather or leather prepared in the opposite direction. the sanding gives it its velvety appearance.
